Organization and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Organization and Management - Essay Example Scientific management, in contrary, was from Fredrick Taylor in the year 1911. In a more simple term it is said to be amongst the best ways duties could be executed and the best method to use in improving the methods or techniques employed by employees (Robbins p.38) A bunch of comparisons have been done for the two methods of management, for instance specialization, fragmentation and mechanization of work. Moreover, inadequate skilled and intellectual content will hasten the current work. Mechanization of fordism’s big production further stressed a number of Taylor’s accepted beliefs of management being separated from human emotions and affairs, applying ‘humans as instruments or machines to be manipulated by their leaders’ (Hersey p.84). There was emphasis and blending by Fordism for scientific techniques to have things done according to Ford’s flourishing process of mass production. There were differences between the two methods of management. For dism dehumanized employees while the other method persuaded the employees that their objectives could be easily achieved together with their employees’ goals, thus they should strive towards this direction. Ford’s method was appropriate for firms that participated in huge production, unlike scientific management method that could be employed by many firms. Big companies like Ford motors put these methods in practice. The two theories of management show companies on what technique of management they should employ today. Employers should know that their employees should be treated fairly with democracy. Since 1970’s, wide changes in technology and market have made employers and producers to employ greater diversification in production and more flexibility in production methods. Movements in the direction of a flexible organization became apparent. For instance, organizations like Toyota, NASA and Nissan act as contemporary examples of Fordism and portray movements to the direction of scientific management. Similarities that are there between the two theories are Fordism’s mass production mechanization and Taylor’s efforts of using workers like machines. Fredrick planned this by the use of management principles that included science development for every element and looking for the fastest method the responsibility could be executed. Ford’s best kinds of his production system was inclusive of dedicated and fixed machine use in individual’s duty, rather than making workers machines (Hollinshead, 1995). As Taylor tried to show the globe that science existed in management and the fastest way was a better way, he pointed out incompetence in managers for being inefficient in running of factories and railroads. Using motions and time studies, Fredrick attained increased production of up to twice the injection (Dunphy, 1998, p.4). Taylor’s thoughts were answered by others: at a 1910 ICC hearing, Brandeis reiterated that America’s railroads was in a position to save 1 million dollars in a day in case they adopted scientific management method in their operations (Oakes, 1996).Fredrick Taylor proved to the globe that the scientific and methodical study of duty or work could end up with an improved effectiveness. He believed definition of clear guidelines for employees would improve the goods production. Fordism just like

The evil-god challenge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The evil-god challenge - Essay Example These two notions are a measure by which human lives are evaluated. Depending on the actions of a person he or she may have a reputation of a good or a bad one. From early childhood, while listening fairy tales we begin to learn the concept of good and evil. We are taught that good always wins, though it is not so in the reality. Then the concept of God enters the life of children and they fully believe in what is written in the Bible, that is, the existence of the Lord is doubtless as well as the good nature of his personality and actions. Still there is a hesitation whether God exists and what his essence. So let’s consider this question with the help of research of theistic works on the theme of Stephen Law and Theodore M. Drange. To begin with we will study the argument of Law’s â€Å"The evil-god challenge† in which he touches the aspect of the good or evil will of the Lord who has the power to control life on the Earth as he is its Creator. From the beginning to the end of his work Law doubts the good motives of God’s activity for he allows so much suffering for his creatures, people. One of the main reasons of such a situation, according to the author, is that through the way of travails humans can become stronger and recognize good with even greater intense. Furthermore, the Lord has gifted people with an option of good or evil so it depends on them which one to prefer. And it is God who has allowed evil to exist by his decision not to made humanity his puppet theater giving it the opportunity to make a choice in favor of evil. Law claims that the explanation of such phenomenon as natural disasters which destroy and cripple the lives of sentient inhabitants is His will to prevent a g reater tragedy that is invisible for people. This is the first-order evil which needs the second-order good (theodicy) as a world’s virtue, for example. In this respect the suspicion or hypothesis of evil god arises. People just don’t understand how can a good